Property listing

This page lists the supported rendering properties. See CSS value types for more information about the value types for each.

Point symbology

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
mark url, symbol The image or well-known shape to render for points yes
mark-mime string (MIME Type) The type of the image referenced by a url() No, defaults to ‘image/jpeg’
mark-geometry expression An expression to use for the geometry when rendering features yes
mark-size length The width to assume for the provided image. The height will be adjusted to preserve the source aspect ratio. yes
mark-rotation angle A rotation to be applied (clockwise) to the mark image. yes
z-index integer Controls the z ordering of output no
-gt-mark-label-obstacle boolean If true the point symbol will be consider an obstable for labels, no label will overlap it no

Line symbology

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
stroke color, url, symbol The color, graphic, or well-known shape to use to stroke lines or outlines yes
stroke-geometry expression An expression to use for the geometry when rendering features. yes
stroke-mime string (MIME Type) The type of the image referenced by a url() No, defaults to ‘image/jpeg’
stroke-opacity percentage A value in the range of 0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque) yes
stroke-width length The width to use for stroking the line. yes
stroke-size length An image or symbol used for the stroke pattern will be stretched or squashed to this size before rendering. If this value differs from the stroke-width, the graphic will be repeated or clipped as needed. yes
stroke-rotation angle A rotation to be applied (clockwise) to the stroke image. See also the stroke- repeat property. yes
stroke-linecap keyword: butt, square, round The style to apply to the ends of lines drawn yes
stroke-linejoin keyword: miter, round, bevel The style to apply to the “elbows” where segments of multi-line features meet. yes
stroke-dasharray list of lengths The lengths of segments to use in a dashed line. no
stroke-dashoffset length How far to offset the dash pattern from the ends of the lines. yes|
stroke-repeat keyword: repeat, stipple How to use the provided graphic to paint the line. If repeat, then the graphic is repeatedly painted along the length of the line (rotated appropriately to match the line’s direction). If stipple, then the line is treated as a polygon to be filled. yes
z-index integer Controls the z ordering of output no
-gt-stroke-label-obstacle boolean If true the line will be consider an obstable for labels, no label will overlap it no

Polygon symbology

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
fill color, url, symbol The color, graphic, or well-known shape to use to stroke lines or outlines yes
fill-geometry expression An expression to use for the geometry when rendering features. yes
fill-mime string (MIME Type) The type of the image referenced by a url() No, defaults to ‘image/jpeg’
fill-opacity percentage A value in the range of 0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque) yes
fill-size length The width to assume for the image or graphic provided. yes
fill-rotation angle A rotation to be applied (clockwise) to the fill image. yes
z-index integer Controls the z ordering of output no
-gt-fill-label-obstacle boolean If true the polygon will be consider an obstable for labels, no label will overlap it no
-gt-graphic-margin List of lengths A list of 1 to 4 values, specifying the space between repeated graphics in a texture paint. One value is uniform spacing in all directions, two values are considered top/bottom and right/left, three values are considered top, right/left, bottom, four values are read as top,right,bottom,left. no
-gt-random none,grid,free Activates random distribution of symbols in a texture fill tile. See Fills with randomized symbols for details. Defaults to “none” no
-gt-random-seed integer number The seed for the random generator. Defaults to 0 no
-gt-random-rotation none/free When set to “free” activates random rotation of the symbol in addition to random distribution. Defaults to “none” no
-gt-random-symbol-count positive integer number Number of suymbols to be placed in the texture fill tile. May not be respected due to location conflicts (no two symbols are allowed to overlap). Defaults to 16. no
-gt-random-tile-size positive integer number Size of the texture paint tile that will be filled with the random symbols. Defaults to 256. no

Text symbology (labeling) - part 1

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
label string The text to display as labels for features yes
label-geometry expression An expression to use for the geometry when rendering features. yes
label-anchor expression The part of the label to place over the point or middle of the polygon. This takes 2 values - x y where x=0 is the left edge of the label, x=1 is the right edge. y=0 is the bottom edge of the label, y=1 is the top edge. Specify 0.5 0.5 to centre a label. yes
label-offset expression This is for fine-tuning label-anchor. x and y values specify pixels to adjust the label position. For lines, a single value will make the label be parallel to the line, at the given distance, while two values will force a point style placement, with the label painted horizonally at the center of the line (plus the given offsets) yes
label-rotation expression Clockwise rotation of label in degrees. yes
label-z-index expression Used to determine which labels are drawn on top of other labels. Lower z-indexes are drawn on top. yes
shield mark, symbol A graphic to display behind the label, such as a highway shield. yes
shield-mime string (MIME Type) The type of the image referenced by a url() No, defaults to ‘image/jpeg’
font-family string The name of the font or font family to use for labels yes
font-fill fill The fill to use when rendering fonts yes
font-style keyword: normal, italic, oblique The style for the lettering yes
font-weight keyword: normal, bold The weight for the lettering yes
font-size length The size for the font to display. yes
halo-radius length The size of a halo to display around the lettering (to enhance readability). This is required to activate the halo feature. yes
halo-color color The color for the halo yes
halo-opacity percentage The opacity of the halo, from 0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque). yes
-gt-label-padding length The amount of ‘padding’ space to provide around labels. Labels will not be rendered closer together than this threshold. This is equivalent to the spaceAround vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-group one of: true or false If true, the render will treat features with the same label text as a single feature for the purpose of labeling. This is equivalent to the group vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-max-displacement length If set, this is the maximum displacement that the renderer will apply to a label. Labels that need larger displacements to avoid collisions will simply be omitted. This is equivalent to the maxDisplacement vendor parameter. no

Text symbology (labeling) - part 2

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
-gt-label-min-group-distance length This is equivalent to the minGroupDistance vendor parameter in SLD. no
-gt-label-repeat length If set, the renderer will repeat labels at this interval along a line. This is equivalent to the repeat vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-all-group one of true or false when using grouping, whether to label only the longest line that could be built by merging the lines forming the group, or also the other ones. This is equivalent to the allGroup vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-remove-overlaps one of true or false If enabled, the renderer will remove overlapping lines within a group to avoid duplicate labels. This is equivalent to the removeOverlaps vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-allow-overruns one of true or false Determines whether the renderer will show labels that are longer than the lines being labelled. This is equivalent to the allowOverrun vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-follow-line one of true or false If enabled, the render will curve labels to follow the lines being labelled. This is equivalent to the followLine vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-max-angle-delta one of true or false The maximum amount of curve allowed between two characters of a label; only applies when ‘-gt-follow-line: true’ is set. This is equivalent to the maxAngleDelta vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-auto-wrap length Labels will be wrapped to multiple lines if they exceed this length in pixels. This is equivalent to the autoWrap vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-force-ltr one of true or false By default, the renderer will flip labels whose normal orientation would cause them to be upside-down. Set this parameter to false if you are using some icon character label like an arrow to show a line’s direction. This is equivalent to the forceLeftToRight vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-conflict-resolution one of true or false Set this to false to disable label conflict resolution, allowing overlapping labels to be rendered. This is equivalent to the conflictResolution vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-fit-goodness scale The renderer will omit labels that fall below this “match quality” score. The scoring rules differ for each geometry type. This is equivalent to the goodnessOfFit vendor parameter. no
-gt-label-priority expression Specifies an expression to use in determining which features to prefer if there are labeling conflicts. This is equivalent to the Priority SLD extension. yes

Text symbology (labeling) - part 3

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
-gt-shield-resize string, one of none, stretch, or proportional Specifies a mode for resizing label graphics (such as highway shields) to fit the text of the label. The default mode, ‘none’, never modifies the label graphic. In stretch mode, GeoServer will resize the graphic to exactly surround the label text, possibly modifying the image’s aspect ratio. In proportional mode, GeoServer will expand the image to be large enough to surround the text while preserving its original aspect ratio. none
-gt-shield-margin list of lengths, one to four elements long. Specifies an extra margin (in pixels) to be applied to the label text when calculating label dimensions for use with the -gt-shield-resize option. Similar to the margin shorthand property in CSS for HTML, its interpretation varies depending on how many margin values are provided: 1 = use that margin length on all sides of the label 2 = use the first for top & bottom margins and the second for left & right margins. 3 = use the first for the top margin, second for left & right margins, third for the bottom margin. 4 = use the first for the top margin, second for the right margin, third for the bottom margin, and fourth for the left margin. none

Raster symbology

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
raster-channels string The list of raster channels to be used in the output. It can be “auto” to make the renderer choose the best course of action, or a list of band numbers, a single one will generate a gray image, three will generate an RGB one, four will generate a RGBA one. E.g., “1 3 7” to choose the first, third and seventh band of the input raster to make a RGB image no
raster-geometry expression The attribute containing the raster to be painted. Normally not needed, but it would work if you had a custom vector data source that contains a GridCoverage attribute, in order to select it yes
raster-opacity floating point A value comprised between 0 and 1, 0 meaning completely transparent, 1 meaning completely opaque. This controls the whole raster trasparency. no
raster-contrast-enhancement string Allows to stretch the range of data/colors in order to enhance tiny differences. Possible values are ‘normalize’, ‘histogram’ and ‘none’ no
raster-gamma floating point Gamma adjustment for the output raster no
raster-z-index integer Controls the z ordering of the raster output no
raster-color-map string Applies a color map to single banded input. The contents is a space separate list of color-map-entry(color, value) (opacity assumed to be 1), or color-map-entry(color, value, opacity). The values must be provided in increasing order. no
raster-color-map-type string Controls how the color map entries are interpreted, the possible values are “ramp”, “intervals” and “values”, with ramp being the default if no “raster-color-map-type” is provided. The default “ramp” behavior is to linearly interpolate color between the provided values, and assign the lowest color to all values below the lowest value, and the highest color to all values above the highest value. The “intervals” behavior instead assigns solid colors between values, whilst “values” only assigns colors to the specified values, every other value in the raster is not painted at all no

Shared

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
geometry expression An expression to use for the geometry when rendering features. This provides a geometry for all types of symbology, but can be overridden by the symbol-specific geometry properties. yes
sort-by string A comma separated list of sorting directives, “att1 A|D, att2 A|D, ...” where att? are attribute names, and A or D are an optional direction specification, A is ascending, D is descending. Determines the loading, and thus painting, order of the features false
sort-by-group string Rules with the different z-index but same sort-by-group id have their features sorted as a single group. Useful to z-order across layers or across different feature groups, like roads and rails, especially when using z-index to support casing false

Symbol properties

These properties are applied only when styling built-in symbols. See Styled marks for details.

Property Type Meaning Accepts Expression?
size length The size at which to render the symbol. yes
rotation angle An angle through which to rotate the symbol. yes